How wireless chargers work: pros & cons

Wireless chargers have become a modern, practical alternative for charging portable gadgets. Their popularity has been steadily growing among tech enthusiasts, not only because they allow for cleaner, more organised setup but also for aesthetic reasons.

What are wireless chargers and how do they work?

Wireless chargers are devices that recharge the batteries of other electronic devices without the need for cables. This type of energy transfer uses a physical principle called electromagnetic induction. It’s used in electric toothbrushes, induction hobs, and even magnetic trains —and has recently been adapted for charging smartphones, headphones, tablets, and smartwatches.

Here’s how a wireless charger works: the system is made up of two coils, one inside the charging base (the transmitter) and the other inside the device being charged (the receiver). When the charger is plugged into a power outlet, it generates an electromagnetic field that transfers energy to the coil inside the gadget, delivering the electricity needed to recharge it when both coils are close or aligned.

This process is called inductive charging. The most common system used today is known as Qi, developed by the Wireless Power Consortium.

Advantages of using a wireless charger

Aesthetic and organised spaces

The fewer cables in sight, the cleaner and more stylish your desk or living spaces will look. Wireless chargers prevent cable tangling and reduce the number of plugs needed. Some models can even charge multiple devices at once, working like a wireless power strip, while others are built into furniture, lamps, and other designs to both optimise space and enhance décor.

Convenience and simplicity

Ease of use and practicality may be one of the biggest advantages of  wireless chargers. Just place the device on the charger and "voilà," the charging process begins automatically, without the need to handle cables or constantly plug or unplug it — a routine that, if done several times a day, can eventually wear out the connection ports.

Less wear and tear on devices

Wireless charging helps prevent deterioration of the charging cable, the connector, and the device’s charging port. This extends the lifespan of your device and avoids common issues like loose ports and broken cables. It also keeps dirt, dust, and moisture from the ports, as they are not exposed.

Disadvantages and limitations of wireless chargers

Slower charging speeds

Wireless chargers are generally slower than traditional wired chargers. This may be due to low-power models or if the device doesn’t support fast wireless charging. In this respect, conventional chargers have the upper hand, although newer, faster wireless models are becoming available. So, if you need a quick recharge, a cable charger is still the best choice.

Energy efficiency loss

Energy transfer via electromagnetic induction is less efficient than wired charging and generates more heat. That means higher electricity consumption to achieve the same battery charge, as it is not 100% efficient. The difference is small but noticeable if you want to closely monitor your energy bills. Excess heat can also affect your device and cause overheating if left connected for too long.

Placement limitations

To ensure energy flows correctly, proper alignment between the device and the charging base is essential. Therefore, we must be very precise when connecting the charger. If the placement is slightly off, charging can stop, become intermittent, or become less efficient. Additionally, not all devices are compatible with wireless chargers —older or lower-end models often don’t support this technology. Another limitation is usability: It’s difficult to comfortably use your phone, watch, or earbuds while they’re charging on a wireless pad.

Tips for choosing and using a wireless charger correctly

• Check compatibility: Before buying, make sure your device supports Qi or another wireless charging standard. As mentioned, this integrated technology is not typically included in older or low-end models. For devices that aren't compatible, there are cases or adapters available to enable wireless charging. However, the charging quality might not be ideal.
• Consider charging power: Like wired chargers, wireless models range from 5 W to 15 W, which is adequate for most smartphones. Higher-power models are available if you want shorter charging times.
• Look for safety certifications: Check for certifications from the Wireless Power Consortium (CE, FCC, or RoHS). These guarantee compliance with safety and energy efficiency standards. To protect your device from overheating or power surges, it is recommended to use chargers from reputable, trusted brands that offer adequate protection.
• Avoid thick and metallic cases: Use cases that don’t block inductive charging or prevent proper ventilation during charging. Ensure that it is compatible with wireless charging. Plus, make sure it does not fully cover the charger or the device.
• Choose a stable, ventilated surface: Don’t cover the charger with fabrics or objects that could cause overheating. For efficient charging, ensure the device is properly aligned with the base. Some models include magnets for a secure fit.
• Disconnect on time: Don’t leave devices charging longer than necessary. Many wireless chargers stop automatically at 100%, but it’s still best not to leave your phone charging overnight.
• Combine with traditional chargers: Always keep a wired charger handy for emergencies or when you need a fast charge. Wireless chargers are great for daily use or overnight charging, while cables are best when you’re in a hurry.

Wireless devices represent technological evolution, constant dynamism, and movement of our society: fewer cables for greater connectivity. It may sound contradictory, but that’s the way technology is advancing — becoming more practical, portable, and modern, while staying functional and efficient.

Wireless chargers are now part of everyday life at home and at work. Despite their limitations in speed and efficiency, their many advantages —that we have previously seen— make them an essential, attractive accessory for tech enthusiasts. If you choose the right model for your needs, use it properly, and complement it with other charging options, your wireless charger will become your best everyday ally.