If you're on a regulated market electricity tariff (PVPC), you'll want to know how the price of electricity changes throughout the day. Check it here with Endesa.
The wholesale electricity market is where electricity is bought and sold 'in bulk’ before it reaches your home.
Every day —one day before you actually need power— power plants (which generate energy) and retailers (which sell it to you) participate in an auction organised by the market operator. With the help of software, and based on the generation capacity of the plants and the retailers’ demand, the system determines a balanced market price for energy.
Electricity demand
On workdays or during extreme weather (very hot or cold), electricity use increases —and so do prices. On weekends and holidays, when industrial activity slows down, demand drops and prices go down as well.
Electricity demand
On workdays or during extreme weather (very hot or cold), electricity use increases —and so do prices. On weekends and holidays, when industrial activity slows down, demand drops and prices go down as well.
Electricity demand
On workdays or during extreme weather (very hot or cold), electricity use increases —and so do prices. On weekends and holidays, when industrial activity slows down, demand drops and prices go down as well.
Renewable energy
High levels of sun and wind mean renewable sources (solar and wind) produce a large amount of cheap electricity, which drives prices down. When it’s cloudy or there’s no wind, more expensive gas-fired plants must be used instead.
Renewable energy
High levels of sun and wind mean renewable sources (solar and wind) produce a large amount of cheap electricity, which drives prices down. When it’s cloudy or there’s no wind, more expensive gas-fired plants must be used instead.
Renewable energy
High levels of sun and wind mean renewable sources (solar and wind) produce a large amount of cheap electricity, which drives prices down. When it’s cloudy or there’s no wind, more expensive gas-fired plants must be used instead.
The price of natural gas
Many power plants run on gas. Therefore, when international gas prices rise, electricity prices rise too.
The price of natural gas
Many power plants run on gas. Therefore, when international gas prices rise, electricity prices rise too.
The price of natural gas
Many power plants run on gas. Therefore, when international gas prices rise, electricity prices rise too.
Unexpected events
Events such as a power plant breakdown, a heatwave, or issues with the interconnections with France or Portugal can cause prices to rise or fall sharply.
Unexpected events
Events such as a power plant breakdown, a heatwave, or issues with the interconnections with France or Portugal can cause prices to rise or fall sharply.
Unexpected events
Events such as a power plant breakdown, a heatwave, or issues with the interconnections with France or Portugal can cause prices to rise or fall sharply.
Find your electricity tariff
Visit our catalogue and explore all the electricity tariffs Endesa offers for you, tailored to your needs and consumption habits.
This happens when there’s too much renewable generation and not enough demand —such as on a sunny, windy spring Sunday when solar panels and wind turbines produce a lot of power, but factories are closed and households consume little.
In these cases, producers may actually pay for the electricity to be taken off the grid rather than shut down their plants or waste the energy. This is why prices can turn negative, meaning that during those specific hours, you can actually ‘get paid’ for using electricity.
This phenomenon is becoming increasingly common in Spain as renewable energy grows —especially during peak solar generation (midday) or strong nighttime winds.
How is the electricity price calculated?
What are regulated costs, and how do they affect me?
Although the wholesale market price is highly visible and fluctuates constantly, it only represents a portion of the total cost on your electricity bill.
The other major portion consists of regulated costs, set by the government, which are the same for all consumers regardless of their electricity tariff.
These regulated costs are divided into two main categories:
Transmission and distribution charges
These are the costs you pay for using the power grid that transports electricity from power plants to your home. They include the maintenance of high-voltage lines (transmission), medium- and low-voltage networks (distribution), and the installation and reading of meters. The National Markets and Competition Commission (CNMC) sets these charges.
Transmission and distribution charges
These are the costs you pay for using the power grid that transports electricity from power plants to your home. They include the maintenance of high-voltage lines (transmission), medium- and low-voltage networks (distribution), and the installation and reading of meters. The National Markets and Competition Commission (CNMC) sets these charges.
Transmission and distribution charges
These are the costs you pay for using the power grid that transports electricity from power plants to your home. They include the maintenance of high-voltage lines (transmission), medium- and low-voltage networks (distribution), and the installation and reading of meters. The National Markets and Competition Commission (CNMC) sets these charges.
System charges
These fund other components such as premiums for historic renewable energy, repayment of the tariff deficit accumulated between 2000 and 2013, additional generation costs in territories outside the peninsula (the Canary Islands, the Balearic Islands, Ceuta, and Melilla), the social bonus for vulnerable consumers, and capacity payments to ensure system stability. These charges are established by the Ministry for the Ecological Transition and the Demographic Challenge (MITECO).
System charges
These fund other components such as premiums for historic renewable energy, repayment of the tariff deficit accumulated between 2000 and 2013, additional generation costs in territories outside the peninsula (the Canary Islands, the Balearic Islands, Ceuta, and Melilla), the social bonus for vulnerable consumers, and capacity payments to ensure system stability. These charges are established by the Ministry for the Ecological Transition and the Demographic Challenge (MITECO).
System charges
These fund other components such as premiums for historic renewable energy, repayment of the tariff deficit accumulated between 2000 and 2013, additional generation costs in territories outside the peninsula (the Canary Islands, the Balearic Islands, Ceuta, and Melilla), the social bonus for vulnerable consumers, and capacity payments to ensure system stability. These charges are established by the Ministry for the Ecological Transition and the Demographic Challenge (MITECO).
According to the CNMC, regulated charges and tariffs represent roughly 40–41% of the total cost of your electricity bill. In other words, nearly half of your payment isn’t related to the energy you consume but to keeping the electric system running.
Adolfo Javier Rueda Villen
Adolfo de Rueda, with 35 years of experience in the energy sector, is Endesa’s director of electricity markets. He sits on the boards of directors of the Iberian Electricity Market Operator for the spot market (OMIE) and the operator for electricity futures, swaps, and options (OMIP). He is also a member of the Electricity Market Agents Committee.
Frequently asked questions about today's electricity prices
Regulated market (PVPC) This offers the regulated tariff known as Voluntary Price for the Small Consumer, whose price changes every hour of every day according to supply from energy producers and demand from suppliers. It is more volatile, but allows you to save money if you shift your usage to the day's cheapest hours.
Free market On the free market, consumers can choose between different tariffs from suppliers. These may have a stable price throughout the day or different prices for different time periods. The free market offers you the peace of mind of knowing beforehand how much you will pay for each kWh you consume.
At Endesa, you can sign up for free market tariffs such as Conecta (stable price) or One Luz 3 Periodos (different prices depending on the time band).
These time slots help organise electricity prices throughout the day. Peak hours: when energy demand is highest —typically during the busiest times at home or work. It’s the most expensive period. On-Off peak hours: an intermediate range with moderate consumption and average prices per kWh —neither very high nor very low. Off-peak hours: when demand is lowest —usually at night or early morning. It’s the cheapest period and best for running high-consumption appliances or charging an electric vehicle.
The bands marked in green in the table above correspond to the lowest prices of the day. These are the ideal times to use the washing machine, dishwasher or charge an electric car.
You can check the hourly kWh prices on Red Eléctrica de España (ESIOS) or the RedOS app from REE. Endesa also provides this information so you can see when electricity is cheapest.
The calculation for the Voluntary Price for the Small Consumer now incorporates a portion of future prices (derived from electricity futures markets) to provide greater stability. More information can be found in the official note from REE and the CNMC.
1. PVPC (Precio Voluntario al Pequeño Consumidor - Voluntary Price for the Small Consumer)
This is the regulated electricity tariff, the price of which varies every hour of the day depending on supply and demand in the electricity market. It is more volatile, but it allows you to take advantage of low prices if you adapt your consumption.
1. PVPC (Precio Voluntario al Pequeño Consumidor - Voluntary Price for the Small Consumer)
This is the regulated electricity tariff, the price of which varies every hour of the day depending on supply and demand in the electricity market. It is more volatile, but it allows you to take advantage of low prices if you adapt your consumption.
1. PVPC (Precio Voluntario al Pequeño Consumidor - Voluntary Price for the Small Consumer)
This is the regulated electricity tariff, the price of which varies every hour of the day depending on supply and demand in the electricity market. It is more volatile, but it allows you to take advantage of low prices if you adapt your consumption.
2. Free market
This is the range of tariffs offered by suppliers. Unlike the PVPC, these tariffs have a stable, fixed price or rates based on defined time bands, providing peace of mind and predictability for your energy costs.
2. Free market
This is the range of tariffs offered by suppliers. Unlike the PVPC, these tariffs have a stable, fixed price or rates based on defined time bands, providing peace of mind and predictability for your energy costs.
2. Free market
This is the range of tariffs offered by suppliers. Unlike the PVPC, these tariffs have a stable, fixed price or rates based on defined time bands, providing peace of mind and predictability for your energy costs.
3. OMIE (Operador del Mercado Ibérico de Energía - Iberian Energy Market Operator)
This is the body responsible for managing energy auctions in the wholesale market. Prices are set in €/MWh and serve as a benchmark for calculating regulated tariffs.
3. OMIE (Operador del Mercado Ibérico de Energía - Iberian Energy Market Operator)
This is the body responsible for managing energy auctions in the wholesale market. Prices are set in €/MWh and serve as a benchmark for calculating regulated tariffs.
3. OMIE (Operador del Mercado Ibérico de Energía - Iberian Energy Market Operator)
This is the body responsible for managing energy auctions in the wholesale market. Prices are set in €/MWh and serve as a benchmark for calculating regulated tariffs.
4. REE/ESIOS (Red Eléctrica de España / Sistema de Información del Operador del Sistema - Operator's Information System)
This publishes the official hourly prices in €/kWh for the consumer. It also offers tools such as the RedOS app to check the cheapest time bands in real time.
4. REE/ESIOS (Red Eléctrica de España / Sistema de Información del Operador del Sistema - Operator's Information System)
This publishes the official hourly prices in €/kWh for the consumer. It also offers tools such as the RedOS app to check the cheapest time bands in real time.
4. REE/ESIOS (Red Eléctrica de España / Sistema de Información del Operador del Sistema - Operator's Information System)
This publishes the official hourly prices in €/kWh for the consumer. It also offers tools such as the RedOS app to check the cheapest time bands in real time.
5. CNMC (Comisión Nacional de los Mercados y la Competencia - National Commission for Markets and Competition)
This is the regulator of the electricity market in Spain. It supervises suppliers' compliance with regulations and ensures transparency in pricing.
5. CNMC (Comisión Nacional de los Mercados y la Competencia - National Commission for Markets and Competition)
This is the regulator of the electricity market in Spain. It supervises suppliers' compliance with regulations and ensures transparency in pricing.
5. CNMC (Comisión Nacional de los Mercados y la Competencia - National Commission for Markets and Competition)
This is the regulator of the electricity market in Spain. It supervises suppliers' compliance with regulations and ensures transparency in pricing.
6. €/MWh ↔ €/kWh
In the wholesale market, energy is traded in MWh, while on your bill it is measured in kWh (1 MWh = 1,000 kWh). This conversion helps you understand how the wholesale price impacts the final cost of your bill.
6. €/MWh ↔ €/kWh
In the wholesale market, energy is traded in MWh, while on your bill it is measured in kWh (1 MWh = 1,000 kWh). This conversion helps you understand how the wholesale price impacts the final cost of your bill.
6. €/MWh ↔ €/kWh
In the wholesale market, energy is traded in MWh, while on your bill it is measured in kWh (1 MWh = 1,000 kWh). This conversion helps you understand how the wholesale price impacts the final cost of your bill.
We take the official prices published daily by Red Eléctrica de España (REE) on its ESIOS portal, the national benchmark for the PVPC.
REE/ESIOS Data
We take the official prices published daily by Red Eléctrica de España (REE) on its ESIOS portal, the national benchmark for the PVPC.
REE/ESIOS Data
We take the official prices published daily by Red Eléctrica de España (REE) on its ESIOS portal, the national benchmark for the PVPC.
€/MWh → €/kWh Conversion
The wholesale market operates in MWh, but your bill is in kWh. We apply the official methodology to show the prices in the same unit that appears on your bill.
€/MWh → €/kWh Conversion
The wholesale market operates in MWh, but your bill is in kWh. We apply the official methodology to show the prices in the same unit that appears on your bill.
€/MWh → €/kWh Conversion
The wholesale market operates in MWh, but your bill is in kWh. We apply the official methodology to show the prices in the same unit that appears on your bill.
Daily review by Endesa
Our team validates and adapts the official data to offer you clear, reliable and easy-to-understand information.
Daily review by Endesa
Our team validates and adapts the official data to offer you clear, reliable and easy-to-understand information.
Daily review by Endesa
Our team validates and adapts the official data to offer you clear, reliable and easy-to-understand information.